Born & raised in the vineyard country of upstate New York. Commenced as a cellar worker for Great Western in 1961 -44 years in wine. Became winemaker in 1965. Vice President, Warner Vineyards, Michigan) in 1973. Joined Mississippi State University enology research program in 1977 -earned Ph.D in 1984. Purdue University Enologist in 1991 -retired from Purdue in 2004. Author of 4 wine textbooks -knighthoods in Bordeaux and Burgundy. Selected as American Airlines Wine Consultant in 1985 -which continues.